DESDEVENS DE GLANDONS, MAURICE, surveyor; b. 1742 in France, son of Joseph Desdevens de Glandons and Gabrielle Avet Forel; m. 19 Jan. 1767 Marie-Thérèse Mathon at Sainte-Geneviève-de-Batiscan (Batiscan, Que.); d. some time after 6 May 1799.

The date of Maurice Desdevens de Glandons’ arrival in Canada is not known, nor is the date of his first commission. He did, however, work as a surveyor from 1767 until 1799 except for a ten-year period of exile in the United States. He had to take refuge there because he had helped the American invaders of Canada in 1775–76.

Desdevens de Glandons officially enlisted as a militia captain in 1775 with the approval of the American commander, Richard Montgomery. During the siege of Quebec he transported munitions and foiled attempts at desertion. On 1 Jan. 1776 Benedict Arnold* ordered him to recruit as many men as possible to help form a company, and on 12 March named him a notary and surveyor under the senior engineering officer, Edward Antill.

On 7 Aug. 1776 Desdevens de Glandons was at Albany, New York; here, until September 1781, he worked with Canadian refugees who were not attached to any specific regiment. On 18 Oct. 1781 the pension and food rations he had been receiving since 10 Aug. 1776 were cut off. To supplement his now inadequate income, he worked illegally as a pedlar and innkeeper, having been refused a licence. His right to rations was reinstated on 6 May 1782, but these were quite inadequate for his family, which at that time included only two children, two daughters having starved to death at Albany in 1776. Each year until 1786 he vainly petitioned to have his pension restored. Finally, tired of it all, Desdevens de Glandons returned to Canada, probably that year; his surveying reports indicate he was working at Lake Champlain in 1786 and at Nicolet the following year.

On 8 May 1787 the governor general, Lord Dorchester [Carleton*], pardoned him, but anew commission as a surveyor was not issued to him. In March 1788 Desdevens de Glandons again requested a commission, apparently with success, and he continued in practice until at least 1799. The burial certificate for his wife, who died 6 May 1799, is the last document mentioning surveyor Desdevens de Glandons; he was then living at Verchères.

Ruth Gariépy Smale